How To Avoid Probate

Probate Lawyer

Probate is the legal process through which a deceased person’s estate is settled and distributed according to the terms of their will (if one exists) or state law (if there is no valid will). As an experienced probate lawyer – including those who practice at W. B. Moore Law – can confirm, while probate serves essential purposes, such as validating the will and ensuring proper asset distribution, it can be time-consuming, costly, and subject to public record. Many individuals prefer to avoid probate, if possible, in order to streamline the transfer of assets to beneficiaries.

Establish a Living Trust

A living trust is a popular tool to avoid probate. By transferring your assets into the trust during your lifetime, you effectively remove them from your probate estate. The trust appoints a trustee to manage the assets and distribute them to the beneficiaries according to your instructions upon your death. Since the assets are held by the trust, there is no need for probate to validate a will or distribute the assets, making the transfer of ownership seamless and private.

Name Beneficiaries for Retirement Accounts and Insurance Policies

Retirement accounts, such as IRAs and 401(k)s, and life insurance policies often allow you to designate beneficiaries. When you pass away, these assets will transfer directly to the designated beneficiaries outside of probate. Keep these beneficiary designations updated to reflect any life changes, such as marriage, divorce, or the birth of children.

Hold Property Jointly with Rights of Survivorship

If you own real estate or financial accounts jointly with rights of survivorship, the property will automatically pass to the surviving joint owner(s) upon your death. This co-ownership arrangement allows the assets to transfer outside of probate, regardless of what is stated in your will.

Use Payable-on-Death (POD) or Transfer-on-Death (TOD) Designations

For certain financial accounts, such as bank accounts or brokerage accounts, you can use payable-on-death (POD) or transfer-on-death (TOD) designations. These designations allow you to name beneficiaries who will inherit the account upon your death. The transfer occurs directly to the beneficiaries, bypassing probate.

Gift Assets During Your Lifetime

Gifting assets to your beneficiaries during your lifetime can be an effective way to avoid probate. By giving away property or financial gifts while you are still alive, you reduce the size of your probate estate. Keep in mind that there may be gift tax considerations for larger gifts, so it’s important to consult with a tax advisor before making significant transfers.

Establish Joint Ownership of Property

Joint ownership, such as joint tenancy or tenancy by the entirety, can help avoid probate for certain types of property. When one owner passes away, the property automatically transfers to the surviving joint owner(s). However, be cautious when using joint ownership, as it may expose the property to potential creditors or legal actions against the other joint owner.

Use Small Estate Affidavits

In some jurisdictions, estates that meet certain criteria may qualify for a simplified probate process or even avoid probate altogether using small estate affidavits. This procedure allows the transfer of assets without the need for a formal probate proceeding. Requirements and rules for small estate affidavits vary by state, so consult with an attorney to determine if this option is available to you.

It’s essential to work with an experienced estate planning attorney to develop a customized plan that aligns with your specific goals and circumstances. By implementing these strategies, you can potentially save your loved ones from the complexities and expenses associated with probate, better ensuring a more efficient and private distribution of your assets.